How to Choose a Counselor
Congratulations on taking the brave step of seeking help! Asking for support is a big first step toward a happier and healthier you, but many people looking for a counselor have a lot of questions about where to start.
Counselor, therapist, psychologist, psychiatrist: What's the difference?
The terms counselor and therapist are often interchangeable. They indicate any mental health professional who talks with clients. These credentials indicate that the professional has completed a master's level education in a mental health field, and that he or she has an understanding of mental health issues and services. You may see the following degrees and credentials when seeking a counsellor:
- LPC—Licensed Professional Counselor
- LCSW or LSW—Licensed Clinical Social Worker or Licensed Social Worker
- LMFT—Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist
These mental health professionals work with families and individuals dealing with stress, anxiety, depression, and many kinds of life changes and events; including job loss, marriage issues, quitting smoking, and everything in between.
Psychologists have a doctorate (a PhD or PsyD). Psychologists may provide mental health counseling or therapy, but are also trained to test for and officially diagnose mental illnesses and learning disabilities.
Psychiatrists have competed medical training (MD), are licensed, and work with clients to prescribe medication that may help with symptoms of mental health issues. A psychiatrist may or may not be trained to provide counseling. Psychologists and counselors may refer a client to a psychiatrist if they feel medication will help the client with his or her mental health issue.
Which kind of professional is right for me?
The answer to that question depends on the issues you are facing. If you are dealing with difficulty coping day to day or you have a change in your life that is causing you a lot of stress, you may want to start by working with a social worker or licensed counselor.
If you think you may have medical issues such as ADHD, clinical depression, panic attacks, or anxiety that will be helped by medication, you may want to request a referral to a psychologist for diagnostic testing or to a psychiatrist who can prescribe helpful medication.
How do I choose the best person for me?
- Word of mouth—If you have a friend, family member, or coworker who has had a good experience with a mental health professional, it might be helpful to call that provider and ask if he or she can assist you.
- Insurance or Employee Assistance Program (EAP) network—Speak with your health insurance or EAP company to find out more about your mental health coverage; many insurance and EAP companies have directories or referral services.
- Your community—If you do not have insurance, many communities have a range of low-cost or sliding-scale services offered through nonprofit organizations, community health centers, or universities.
The Next Steps
Make a short list of counselors in your area who have been recommended to you. Speak with each of the providers on your list or at least with someone in their offices. Briefly explain your concerns, and don't forget to ask the following questions:
- What is the therapist's education and type of license?
- What is his or her experience and history with your issue?
- Where is the office located?
- What is the therapist's schedule?
- What insurance does the therapist accept, and how is billing done?
Making Your Decision
Weigh your decision the same way you would think about hiring someone for a job:
- Do you feel comfortable with your interaction with this person?
- Do you feel like he or she will be able to help you?
- Was the therapist able to answer your questions to your satisfaction?
Lastly, if you meet with a provider and it doesn't feel like a good fit, keep looking. Not all clients and therapists are a good match, and it is OK for you to make sure you find a provider who will put you at ease.
Kovens, L. (Revised 2024). How to choose a counselor. Raleigh, NC: Workplace Options.